Identification Information Citation Originator: USDA Forest Service, Geospatial Technology and Applications Center, BAER Imagery Support Program Publication Date: 2017-11-20 Title: Burned Area Reflectance Classification (BARC) Data Bundle for the Copeland Fire occurring on the Umpqua National Forest - 2017 Publication Information Publication Place: Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Publisher: USDA Forest Service Geospatial Data Presentation Form: raster digital data Online Linkage: http://activefiremaps.fs.fed.us/baer/download.php?year=2017 Description Abstract: These data products are preliminary burn severity assessments derived from Landsat 8 OLI and Landsat 7 ETM+ data. The pre-fire and post-fire subsets included were used to create a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The dNBR image attempts to portray the variation of burn severity within a fire. The severity ratings are influenced by the effects to the canopy. The severity rating is based upon a composite of the severity to the understory (grass, shrub layers), midstory trees and overstory trees. Because there is often a strong correlation between canopy consumption and soil effects, this algorithm works in many cases for BAER teams whose objective is a soil burn severity assessment. It is not, however, appropriate in all ecosystems or fires. It is expected that BAER teams will adjust the thresholds to match field observations to produce a soil burn severity. Purpose: These data were created by the USDA Forest Service Geospatial Technology and Applications Center (GTAC) to support Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams. Supplemental Information Fire Name: NU COPELAND Agency: USDA Forest Service Land Management Unit: Umpqua National Forest Type of assessment: Emergency Fire size (as mapped): 710 acres Pre-Fire Imagery Date and Path/Row: 2016-09-13; 046/030 Post-Fire Imagery Date and Path/Row: 2017-09-24; 046/030 Output Dataset Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_10N Datum: D_North_American_1983 Spheroid Name: GRS_1980 Mapping Comments: Fire severity is extremly muted. Product List or4319912253420170822_20160913_l8_refl_utm.tif = Pre-Fire Landsat 8 OLI reflectance at sensor data subset, scaled by 400 and converted to integer (band order (1-8): B, G, R, NIR, SWIR-1, SWIR-2, Coastal Blue, Cirrus). For best viewing set RGB to bands 6, 4, 3. or4319912253420170822_20170924_l7_refl_utm.tif = Post-Fire Landsat 7 ETM+ reflectance at sensor data subset, scaled by 400 and converted to integer (band order (1-6): B, G, R, NIR, SWIR-1, SWIR-2). For best viewing set RGB to bands 6, 4, 3. or4319912253420170822_20160913_20170924_dNBR.tif = Continuous dNBR product scaled by 1000; theoretical range of values is -2000 to 2000 or4319912253420170822_20160913_20170924_dNBR_barc256_utm.tif = BARC256, 256-class (0-255); continuous image representing preliminary estimate of burn severity. This dataset can be adjusted by the user, if needed, to refine the thematic BARC4 product and/or define a new BARC4. It is anticipated that users will adjust the breakpoints between classes, then recode to their desired 3 or 4 classes. or4319912253420170822_20160913_20170924_dNBR_barc4_utm.tif = BARC4, Four category preliminary estimate severity classification. Subset values: 1 = unburned / undetectable (Dark Green) 2 = low severity (Cyan) 3 = moderate severity (Yellow) 4 = high severity (Red) Time Period of Content Multiple Dates/Times Single Date/Time Calendar Date: 2016-09-13 (pre-fire image) Single Date/Time Calendar Date: 2017-09-24 (post-fire image) Currentness Reference: Severity data correspond to the date of the post-fire image. Status Progress: Evaluation of methods in process Maintenance and Update Frequency: As needed Spatial Domain Bounding Coordinates West Bounding Coordinate: 532454.228203 East Bounding Coordinate: 543314.228203 North Bounding Coordinate: 4788929.99674 South Bounding Coordinate: 4778429.99674 Keywords Theme Theme Keyword Thesaurus: none Theme Keyword: Wildland Fire Theme Keyword: Wildfire Theme Keyword: Burned Area Emergency Response Theme Keyword: BAER Theme Keyword: differenced Normalized Burn Ratio Theme Keyword: dNBR Theme Keyword: Fire Severity Theme Keyword: Burn Severity Theme Keyword: USDA Forest Service Theme Keyword: Landsat 8 OLI Theme Keyword: Landsat 7 ETM+ Place Place Keyword Thesaurus: none Place Keyword: Umpqua National Forest Place Keyword: NU COPELAND Fire Access Constraints: Thresholded, preliminary severity estimates (BARC4 and BARC256) are only delivered to BAER teams. Further distribution is at the discretion of the BAER team leader. Pre-imagery, post-imagery, and unthresholded data are publicly available on http://activefiremaps.fs.fed.us/baer/download.php. Access to pre-imagery and post-imagery may be limited when sensors other than Landsat or other government remote sensing assets are used due to product licensing restrictions. Use Constraints: There are no restrictions on use, except for reasonable and proper acknowledgement of information sources and limitations as preliminary/draft data. Data Set Credit: USDA Forest Service Native Data Set Environment: ERDAS Imagine, ESRI ArcGIS Data Quality Information Positional Accuracy Horizontal Positional Accuracy Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report: Landsat data are terrain corrected using a USGS digital elevation model with less than 1/2 pixel RMS error. Accuracy may vary for other sensors. Lineage Process Step Process Description: These data products are derived from Landsat 8 OLI and Landsat 7 ETM+ data. Pre-fire and post-fire scenes are analyzed to create a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The dNBR image portrays the variation of burn severity within the fire. The pre- and post-fire images are terrain corrected and further processed to convert top of atmosphere reflectance. The Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) is computed for the pre- and post-fire images using the following formula: (NIR Band - SWIR Band) / (NIR Band + SWIR Band) = NBR The Differenced NBR is computed to determine severity by subtracting the post-fire NBR from the pre-fire NBR: (PreNBR - PostNBR) = dNBR The BARC products are a generalization of the raw, continuous dNBR dataset. Both BARC products have been resampled to unsigned 8-bit GeoTIFF and are easily viewed and edited within ArcGIS. The classes represented on the BARC products are created with thresholds chosen by an analyst at GTAC. These thresholds can be roughly related back to original dNBR values by multiplying by 5 and then subtracting 275 (for example, a BARC256 value of 100 would relate to a dNBR value of 225). The BARC thresholds used on this particular fire are: Unburned / Undetectable: All values less than or equal to 70. Low: All values greater than 70 and less than or equal to 104. Moderate: All values greater than 104 and less than or equal to 182. High: All values greater than 182. General descriptions of the severity classes are below: Unburned / Undetectable: This means the area after the fire was indistinguishable from pre-fire conditions. This does not always indicate the area did not burn (i.e. canopy may be occluding the burn signal). Low: This severity class represents areas of surface fire with little detected change in cover and little detected mortality of the dominant vegetation. Moderate: This severity class is between low and high and means there is a mixture of detected effects on the dominant vegetation. High: This severity class represents areas where the canopy has high to complete consumption. Spatial Data Organization Information Direct Spatial Reference Method: Raster Raster Object Information Vertical Count: 1 Spatial Reference Information Horizontal Coordinate System Definition Planar Grid Coordinate System Grid Coordinate System Name: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_10N Universal Transverse Mercator UTM Zone Number: 10N Transverse Mercator Scale Factor at Central Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude of Central Meridian: -123.0 Latitude of Projection Origin: 0.0 False Easting: 500000.0 False Northing: 0.0 Planar Coordinate Information Planar Coordinate Encoding Method: row and column Coordinate Representation Abscissa Resolution: 30.0 Ordinate Resolution: 30.0 Planar Distance Units: Meter Geodetic Model Horizontal Datum Name: D_North_American_1983 Ellipsoid Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator of Flattening Ratio: 298.257222101 Distribution Information Resource Description: Downloadable Data Metadata Reference Information Metadata Date: 2017-11-20 Metadata Contact Contact Information Contact Organization Primary Contact Organization: USDA Forest Service, Geospatial Technology and Applications Center (GTAC) Contact Person: Justin Epting Contact Address Address Type: mailing address Address: 2222 W. 2300 S. City: Salt Lake City State or Province: UT Postal Code: 84119 Contact Voice Telephone: 801 975 3755 Contact Electronic Mail Address: baerimagery@fs.fed.us ******************************************************************************** The following section should be completed after the BARC has been field validated by the BAER team and this entire metadata file should be returned to GTAC with the Soil Burn Severity data. BAER Assessment Completion Date: BAER Team GIS Analyst: Rob Arlowe BAER Team Leader: Ted Huffman Soil Burn Severity Analyst(s):Jim Archuleta Original BARC256 thresholds: Unburned / Undetectable: <=70 Low: >70 and <=104 Moderate: >104 and <=182 High: >182 Soil Burn Severity thresholds: Unburned / Undetectable: <=59 Low: 60-112 Moderate: 113-172 High: >172 Sequence of steps used to create Soil Burn Severity data: see comments below Additional Comments:Field observations revealed low intensity ground fire that was masked from aerial and satellite observations, meaning that the original BARC breaks are under representing low intensity burns. Also based on field visits, the high intensity burn seems to be under reported by the original breaks. Moving the low burn threshold from 70 to 59 resulted in a fair amount of scattered single pixels of low burn outside the fire perimeter, but paints a much more representative picture of the burn with in the perimeter as observed in the field. Field teams targeted visits to areas with high and moderate intensities as identified on the initial BARC and observed from aerial recon flights. This allowed some of the data gap areas to be filled in but the majority of the data gaps could not be visited on the ground. The team decided to fill the remaining gaps with ‘low’ burn intensity. The team feels that most if not all of the moderate and high burns have been captured and that the remaining gaps are a mosaic of low and unburned. By filling the remaining gaps with ‘low’ the assumption is that we will err on the side of over-representing low intensity burn and under represent the unburned area. The result is an SBS map that has a strongly banded appearance. Polygons with interpolated burn severity are attributed as such in the attribute table. Maps showing the SBS will also feature a mask delineating the polygons where severity was interpolated without field observations. The fire perimeter had to be adjusted to include a few spot fires and burned areas adjacent to the mapped perimeter.